from cbs news in washington, "face the nation" with bob schieffer. >> schieffer: today on "face the nation." the crisis in ukraine intensifies. >> with russian forces in crimea. call up their reserves and begs the international community for help. >> we are on the brink of disaster. >> we'll go to ukraine for the latest nice. we'll hear from secretary of state john kerry and secretary of defense chuck hagel. we'll have analysis on all of it from our panel of experts and with russia once more in the news we'll look back at a milestone "face the nation" interview. 60 years of news because this is "face the nation." captioning sponsored by cbs

>> schieffer: good morning again there are developments from overnight on the crisis in ukraine. russian president sad her putin has moved troops in to crimea that is region where mostly russian speaking population, a move that the ukrainian prime minister says is a declaration of war. vladimir putin and president obama spoke yesterday for 90 minutes a conversation the white house described as the toughest of the obama presidency. as for ukraine, a new government there is mobilizing its reserves and authorizing the call up of all men under the age of 40. cbs news correspondent is in kiev, charlie, people are again out in the square, what's going on there? >> well, there are about a thousand demonstrators and protesters arrived here,, today we've been hearing them saying, down with russian president

vladimir putin, they're calling him a liar and dictator. the ukrainian prime minister says the country is on the brink of disaster and are from preparing for war. they put standing military, 130,000 people or high alert. also put the call out to reserves, using websites, radio, saying to stand by for further information and instruction. may have to go to military centers around kiev and ukraine and report for duty, fighting men under 40 years old. we haven't seen, doesn't feel like this area itself is under threat, there's no military presence at the airport or around the square or on the roads. but the real concern is around the eastern border along the boarder with russia where you have a lot of russian speaking peoplea lots of russian loyalties. and the concern whether russian troops will advance in those areas, more importantly ukrainian forces can do at anything to defend against that. >> schieffer: all right. charlie, thank you so much.

cbs news foreign correspondent, laura palmer is in southern ukraine and in route to the crimea region. >> thousands of russian troops are standing out over the crimean peninsula taking control. they're uniformed and they are setting up strategic location. many were based in the time i can't anyway with the russian black sea fleet on lease agreement with the ukraine. they left the bases and out on active duty. also appears some hounds of soldiers have been brought in from elsewhere in russia. not a shot has been fired. this has been very peaceful in fact a lot of the people, russian speaking, pro russian population of crimea have welcomed those troops. and their mission which according to vladimir putin to protect the russian speaking population. >> schieffer: you've had quite an eventful trip. >> that's right. we drove a long way from ki,v got to this informalor

across the neck that leads on the crimean peninsula there was barricade in the road manned by what we thought were ukrainian troops. it turns out these guys had switched sides they hoisted the russian flag at their barricade and they were backed up by group of local men in camouflage gear also armed who came and raided our truck. took our gear apart and stole our body armor not only did they steal it they put it on right away. helmets and flack jackets walked off told us to get out of there. >> schieffer: okay. be careful for the rest of the trip. we'll check in with you later today. we are joined by secretary of state john kerry who is in boston this morning. mr. secretary, thank you for being here. the ukrainian prime minister says this morning that russia's actions amount to declaration of war and he says, we are on the brink of disaster. do you agree with that?

>> well, it's an incredible act of aggression. it is really a stunning willful choice by president putin to invade another country. russia is in violation of the sovereignty of ukraine. rush is in violation of international obligations, they're in violation of its obligations under the u.n. charter, under the helsinki act. violation of obligations under the 1994 budapest agreement. you just don't in the 21st century behave in 19th century fashion by invading another country on completely trumped up pretext. so, it is a very serious moment. but it's serious not in the context, bob, of russia-u.s. it's serious in terms of sort of the modern manner with which

nations will resolve problems. there are all kinds of other options still available to russia. there still are. president obama wants to emphasize to the russians that there is a right set of choices that can still be made to address any concerns they have about crimea about their citizens. you go to invade a country to do that. >> schieffer: the president spoke to vladimir putin we're told for 90 minutes yesterday. the white house describing it as the toughest phone call of his presidency. do you think it had any impact? >> we'll have to wait and see. but i think it was very important conversation president was very strong. absolutely clear that this is unacceptable that there will be serious repercussions if this stands. the president asked mr. putin, in fact told mr. putin it was imperative to find a different path to roll back this invasion.

and undue this active aggression. he pointed out the many different ways in which russia could have chosen to act. you have legitimate concerns about your citizens, go to the united nations. ask for observers. engage the other country's government. there are any number of choices available to russia. russia chose this brazen act of aggression and moved in with its forces on completely trumped upset of pretext, claiming that people were threatened. and the fact is that that's not the act of somebody who is strong, that's the act of somebody who is acting out of weakness and certain kind of desperation. we hope that russia will turn this around. they can. again and again all week president obama and i and others have insisted that we believe there's way to deal with this

issue. this doesn't have to be a zero sum game. it is not russia versus the united states, russia v. ecó÷)tw this is about the people of ukraine. the people of ukraine are the people who initiated what is happening there. their president lost all support, all legitimacy, he fled in the night, his own supporters deserted him, they went to their parliament and voted according to their parliamentary process. this is a democratic process that has placed this new government where it is and president putin and russia ought to respect that. >> schieffer: mr. secretary, when you come right down to it the president says there's a cost, there are certain diplomatic things you can do. you can boycott the g8 so onment but when you come right down to it, what can we really do here? i don't suppose anybody thinks we're going to declare war on

russia here and send military forces in there. >> there are very serious repercussion that can flow out of this. there are broad away of options that are available. not just to the united states but to our allies. i spent yesterday afternoon on the phone with many of my counterparts, i talked to ten of the foreign ministers of those countries most engaged in g8 plus some others. and all of them, every single one of them are prepared to go to the hill in order to ice lay russia with respect to this invasion. they are prepared to put sanctions in place, they're prepared to isolate russia economically. the ruble is already going down, russia has major economic challenges, i can't imagine that an occupation of another country is something that appeals to people who are trying to reach out to the world and particularly if it involves

violence, i think they're going to be inviting major difficulties for the long term. the people of ukraine will to the sit still for this. they know how to fight. they have demonstrated remarkable bravery, bob. you think about yanakovich positioning snipers and notwithstanding people falling to the right and to the left, these marchers kept on marching. they demanded their freedom. they demanded their opportunity to have their voices heard without a cleptocracy, russia needs to think very carefully about the choice that it's making and there are visa bans, asset freezes, isolation with respect to trade and investment. american businesses may well want to start thinking twice about whether they want to do business with a country that behaves like this. these are serious implications. i know from my conversations yesterday, everyone of our

allies and friends are determined to stay united and to make clear there is a price attached to this kind of behavior. >> schieffer: are we actually prepared, mr. secretary to, boycott the g8 meeting there? >> well, absolutely prepared to. if we can't resolve it otherwise. but the preference of the president, myself, the entire administration is to resolve this. we're not trying to make this a battle between east and west. we don't want to return to the cold war. nobody wants this kind of action. there are many ways to resolve this problem as president obama urged president putin yesterday, this is the moment to engage directly with the government of ukraine. this can be resolved. we're prepared to mediate, to help, we're prepared to provide economic assistance of major sort. we want the congress to join us in providing that assistance.

we hope that this can be resolved according to the standards of the 21st century, frankly according to the standards of the g8. if russia wants to be g8 country needs to behave like a g8 country. i guarantee you that everybody is determined that this cannot be resolved in a reasonable, modern 21st century manner, there are going to be repercussion. >> schieffer: all right. mr. secretary, thank you so much for joining us this morning. >> thank you. >> schieffer: when we talked to secretary of defense chuck hagel on friday he set flatly it would be mistake for russia to cross the boarders in to ukraine. >> it's serious. we continue to talk with the russians. i just came back from a nato ministerial meeting couple of days ago as you know. that was much the topic of the conversation there. strong support from all 28

members of nato, of ukraine. their territorial integrity, this is time for careful, wise, steady leadership. the tensions increase and i think all nations have to be very careful here of not promoting any more tension through provocative actions. we're very close to it. we stay very close to it. >> schieffer: what would we do if the russian forces started rolling in to other parts of ukraine? >> well, i won't get in to the different specific options but this could be a very dangerous situation if this continues in a very provocative way. we have many options like any nations do. we're trying to deal with diplomatic focus that's the appropriate, responsible approach. that's what we're going to

continue. >> schieffer: we do have a plan. >> we have machines for everything all the time. >> schieffer: when you come right down to it what can we really do there? >> well, again, we've got different options but for right now the responsible thing is to continue to work through the diplomatic channel, is that what we're doing. >> schieffer: what is our strategic interest in ukraine? >> first, it's a sovereign, independent nation. and we support that sovereignty. and that independence. they have been a responsible new independent number of the global community since implosion of the soviet union. we have european union and nato interests that border ukraine. these are people who want to be free, who deserve to be free, deserve their own way of life,

elected leaders. like our position with any sovereign free nation that's the principle upon which the united states stands and i think all western countries in respecting people's rights and that's where you start. >> schieffer: this in your view would be a mistake for the russians if they decided to go in to the ukraine. >> i think it would be a mistake. and this would set in motion so many different dynamics that are not in any one's interest. >> schieffer: we'll have lot more with secretary hagel in part two of "face the nation." more on the crisis in ukraine in one minute.

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you did consider reporting on the president's phone call to putin you said officials were telling you this was the toughest phone call of his administration. what are they thinking about over there this morning? what do they see as what might happen here. >> well, bob, the white house knows that putin has the facts on the ground. military force in the crimea. what the partners have is international law, international norms the threat of pronounced economic isolation for russia if it continues with what secretary of state kerry just called, a brazen breach of international law. the reason the a manages uses that phraseology is what putin talks about in syria, iran, always talking about other nations, specifically united states following international forms. now you constantly told the rest of the world to, if you continue

you are going to be isolated not only diplomatically and economically. at administration is working to have that imf team to due to arrive in kiev not just come to say hello but specific aid package to say the west is here to help you economically as it has with the situation in crimea the administration will invite the russians in. participate if you have legitimate concerns about russians. but if you don't your isolation, economically and diplomatically will only increase the white house believes that is a greater force of leverage when they believe putin has, even though he has forces on the ground in crimea. >> schieffer: thank you very much, major. david, what is happening militarily, i don't think anybody as i said, secretary kerry, nobody wants to go to war with russia right now. is there any kind of military movement in that part of the world right now? >> not on the part of the united

states. only microsoft right now is russian troops continue to flow in to crimea. it's hard to put a number on it, but whatever the number it's fete accompli, he said, if this stands, the u.s. has no military offense, no treaty obligations to come to the defense of ukraine. putin knows that. that is why he has acted so decisively. the big question is, whether he is going to order russian troops in to the rest of the ukraine. that would turn what is now a crisis in to i think a full scale -- >> schieffer: explain to what exactly what happened here. the russians have a base, military base in crimea. there are russian troops there already. some have moved outside of your base.

>> they haven't crossed over where liz palmer was standing in to the rest of ukraine. and this morning's intelligence is that there is no sign that they are preparing to do that. which is in the context of everything else that's happened, very good news. >> schieffer: david, how do you assess what's happened so far and what happens now? >> i think we saw the parameters of u.s. policy in the interviews with secretary kerry and secretary hagel. sect kerry used very long language, brazen act of aggression, violation of international law, called on the russians to roll back the invasion. when you got down to the specific tools, the ways in which the united states will make russia pay a cost for what it's done these are milder diplomatic options, david said, i'm told by my sources, there's no ship moving in the mediterranean, no nato troops

we are not preparing for military response. if you're talking about roll back, you're talking about putin realizing that this course which look like cold car psychology in eastern europe is not in his interest. i do think that final point to adhere is, the real problem today is vladimir putin. vladimir putin has ukraine that is coming apart. he has invaded a small southern piece of it where russian interests are very strong, but in the ukrainian capital you have demonstrators in the streets, these are demonstrators who evicted a pro russian regime in the ukraine they're not prepared to go backwards. the choices putin faces going forward are very, very -- >> schieffer: explain to me about the crimea. it is a part of ukraine but someone said to me last night it's very much like san diego who have a large retired military population there,

mostly russians, lot of the people there speak russian. and most of the people there are pro russian, you heard liz palmer say, nobody -- lot of these soldiers change sides here. >> crimea became part of ukraine only in 1954. crimea was historically part of russia and crews cough when he was the soviet leader gave it to ukraine in gesture that mystified some people. what you say is true. i don't know if it's san diego. but where russians have biggest naval base, where lot of retirees go, people speak russian. it's a part of ukraine that looks toward moscow. >> schieffer: let me stress i didn't mean there are a lot of communists in san diego, a large retired military population there. and it's a very, very conservative place. what happens now?

>> well, you have this base of the russians in crimea which is a valuable strategic asset for they will. this is their way to get out in to the mediterranean to go to places like syria. i don't think they're going to pull out of this until they're satisfied that those bases are secure for the indefinite future. >> schieffer: what does putin want here? >> this action in crimea and ukraine follows the series of efforts by putin to reestablish the spirit, if you will, of soviet union if not the actual physical possession of those republics. the olympics was kind of exercise in nostalgia for the good old days of soviet power. so i think the danger here is putin is tempted to think that

he can reoccupy ukraine. he did invade georgia in 2008. attempt to usurp russian power. if he has the romance of bringing things back to the way they used to be, that is trouble. that does take us back to the cold war. >> schieffer: well, i'm not sure that he really would take ukraine back. this place is an economic basket case. he wants to have influence there, he wants to call events there, also carries pretty good price. >> this is not the soviet military of the cold war. this is a much reduced, much weakened military which in the past, i don't know, five years has been starting to make a comeback. he has to be careful about how much he bites off here. crimea is one thing. ukraine would be entirely different operation. >> schieffer: all right. we have lot more to talk about on this we'll take a break right here we'll be back.

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